PNEUMONIA-TYPES


Pneumonia is an acute infection of the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungal infections. The signs include inflammation, loss of fluid, difficulty in breathing, fever, and cough with yellow, green, or bloody mucus. The infection can either be confined to one lung, a condition referred to as unilateral pneumonia, or it can affect both lungs, which is called bilateral or double pneumonia. Community-acquired pneumonia is that which occurs outside health facilities, caused by a number of micro-organisms, mainly Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Legionella. Other causative organisms are viruses, such as the common cold, flu, COVID-19, and respiratory syncytial virus. Fungi, like Cryptococcus, Pneumocystis jirovecii, and Coccidioides, are uncommon and have the highest risk when one has a low immune level. Other causative factors in pneumonia are protozoa, like Toxoplasma.

Hospital-acquired pneumonia in patients admitted for various other ailments or procedures is a type of pneumonia that is caused by many different types of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus. Healthcare-associated pneumonia occurs in care facilities that provide long-term care. Ventilator-associated pneumonia refers to HAP in the ICU. Aspiration pneumonia occurs on the admission of solid food, liquids, spit, or vomit into the lungs, which causes infection if not coughed up.













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